Garnet schist

Mica schist

Gneiss

Banded gneiss

Common Metamorphic Rocks

Slate Schist

Gneiss Marble Quartzite

Folded metamorphic rocks

Rocks As Construction

Materials

Prof. Dr. Ziad Abu-Hamatteh

Faculty of Engineering Technology

Al-Balqa Applied University

Civil Engineering Department

 Construction material is any material used for

construction purpose such as materials for

house building. Wood, cement, aggregates,

metals, bricks, concrete, clay are the most

common type of building material

used in c onstruction. The c hoice of these are

based on their cost effect iveness

for building projects.

Industrial resources (minerals) are geological

materials which are mined for their commercial

value, which are not fuel (fuel minerals or mineral

fuels) and are not sources of metals

(metallic minerals) but are used in the industries

based on their physical and/or chemical properties.

They are used in their natural state or

after beneficiation either as raw materials or as

additives in a wide range of applications.

Typical examples of industrial rocks and minerals

are limestone, clays, sand, gravel, diatomite, kaolin

bentonite, silica, barite, gypsum, and talc. Some

examples of applications for industrial minerals

are construction, ceramics, paints, electronics, filtrat

ion, plastics, glass, detergents and paper.

The evaluation of raw materials to determine

their suitability for use as industrial minerals

requires technical test-work, mineral

processing trials and end-product evaluation;

free to download evaluation manuals are

available for the following industrial minerals:

limestone, flak e

graphite, diatomite, kaolin, bentonite and

construction materials.

 Every manufactured product contains materials

derived from minerals.

 One of the most s ignificant characteristics of

chert is being brittle under load.

 Plaster is obtained from gypsum rock that is

crushed and dehydrated

 Porcelain is made with kaolin. It is t ransparent,

translucent, compact, acid-resistant and hard.

 Travertine may be used in cladding and tiling.

 Cement is a grey powder made from a mixture of

crushed and heated limestone, clay and gypsum.

 Limestone is porous, off-white and used as

aggregate, pavements, cladding and tiling

materials.

 Feldspars decompose to clay minerals.

 Scoria is used as a suitable construction material

in light weight aggregate.

 Basalt is suitable Aggregate sources.

 Feldspar is used as a glazing layer in ceramic

industry.

 Ceramic materials are made f rom fine grained earth

clay composed of aluminum silicates and other

substances.

 Terrazzo is a mixture of gravel and white cement and

it's a very resistant material.

 Silica sand is the main raw material in glass industry.

 Cement is a grey powder made from a mi xture of

crushed and heated limestone, clay and gypsum.

 Marble is a metamorphic rock, dense and resistant

to compression. It is cold to the touch and it has a

widely varied naturals colours. It's used on floors

and walls, in arc hitecture and in sculpture.

 Tuff is a light porous black rock formed by

consolidation of volcanic ash. It is used as thermal

insulator and as a light weight aggregate.

 Mud bricks are made of a mixt ure of clay and silt.